航天醫學

       航(hang)天醫(yi)(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)是空間生命科學(xue)(xue)中(zhong)的(de)(de)應用學(xue)(xue)科，它(ta)包括(kuo)了航(hang)天實施醫(yi)(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)（如(ru)航(hang)天員的(de)(de)選(xuan)拔、訓練、醫(yi)(yi)(yi)監、醫(yi)(yi)(yi)保(bao)、航(hang)天食品）和航(hang)天基礎(chu)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)（如(ru)失重生理(li)效(xiao)應及其對抗措施及航(hang)天環(huan)境(jing)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)）。航(hang)天醫(yi)(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)研(yan)究的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)是保(bao)證航(hang)天員安全、健康和高效(xiao)的(de)(de)工作(zuo)能力。

       我國(guo)在(zai)啟動載人航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)工程(cheng)后，十分重視航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)員(yuan)的醫(yi)監醫(yi)保工作。2005年(nian)10月，中(zhong)國(guo)航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)員(yuan)科研訓(xun)練(lian)中(zhong)心（簡稱“中(zhong)國(guo)航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)員(yuan)中(zhong)心”）正式成(cheng)立，它的前身是(shi)培養(yang)了中(zhong)國(guo)第一批航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)員(yuan)的中(zhong)國(guo)航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)醫(yi)學工程(cheng)研究(jiu)所。中(zhong)國(guo)航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)員(yuan)科研訓(xun)練(lian)中(zhong)心承擔著載人航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)工程(cheng)中(zhong)航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)員(yuan)系(xi)統和飛船環境控制(zhi)與(yu)生(sheng)命保障系(xi)統的任(ren)(ren)務。航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)員(yuan)系(xi)統又包(bao)括航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)員(yuan)選拔訓(xun)練(lian)，航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)器(qi)醫(yi)學、工效學評價，航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)生(sheng)理研究(jiu)與(yu)防護，航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)食品和航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)服研制(zhi)，航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)醫(yi)用電(dian)子產品及訓(xun)練(lian)設(she)施的研制(zhi)，航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)醫(yi)學監督等任(ren)(ren)務。

航天食品

       航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)，是航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)員(yuan)在(zai)航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)飛行期間所食(shi)(shi)用(yong)的(de)特(te)殊食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)，具有安全可(ke)靠、高(gao)效能、營(ying)養(yang)(yang)平(ping)衡和食(shi)(shi)用(yong)方便的(de)特(te)點。它不僅可(ke)滿(man)足航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)環境下航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)員(yuan)的(de)特(te)殊營(ying)養(yang)(yang)需求，同(tong)時還(huan)具有高(gao)效吸收、高(gao)能量密度(du)、輔(fu)助對(dui)抗失重和空(kong)間輻(fu)射(she)等(deng)特(te)殊環境對(dui)人體產生(sheng)不良影響的(de)功能特(te)性(xing)。航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)由熱穩定食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)、凍干食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)、復水食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)、功能食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)、航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)活性(xing)水和功能飲(yin)料等(deng)多種(zhong)類型組成，為(wei)我國載人航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)飛行任務的(de)圓(yuan)滿(man)完成提供了(le)重要(yao)保(bao)障。